The Ultimate Guide to Giving Birth

Whether you're drawn to the tranquility of a water birth, the safety of a hospital setting, or the empowerment of a natural approach, finding the right method is a deeply personal decision. Each method varies in philosophy, approach to pain management, location preferences, and level of medical intervention. It's important to discuss these options with your healthcare provider to make a decision that best aligns with your health needs while also enhancing your birthing experience.

Natural Childbirth

Natural childbirth is an intimate and empowering experience where a mother embraces the innate strength of her body to bring her baby into the world with minimal medical intervention. From deep breathing and relaxation techniques to finding comfort in movement and positions that aid in labor progression, natural childbirth encourages a connection with the primal forces of birth. It’s a journey that requires patience, resilience, and unwavering support from a skilled birth team– whether at home, in a birth center, or in a hospital environment that respects and nurtures the mother's preferences.

Water Birth

Water birth embodies a serene and gentle approach to bringing a baby into the world. The idea of having a water birth resonates deeply with many mothers seeking a calm and natural birthing experience. Immersing in warm water during labor and delivery provides a soothing environment that eases tension and promotes relaxation, allowing the body to release endorphins that help manage pain. The buoyancy offered by a water birth can also be incredibly comforting, easing the intensity of contractions and facilitating smoother movements. It's not just about the physical relief; water birth creates a tranquil atmosphere as your baby enters the world in the gentle transitions from womb to water to loving arms.

Cesarean Section (C-Section)

Cesarean sections (also known as c-sections) are surgical deliveries. They are often performed when vaginal birth is not possible or safe. While different from typical vaginal deliveries, c-sections are valid forms of giving birth that require love, focus, and dedication from the mother and her medical team. The surgery involves an incision in the abdomen and uterus to allow your baby to be lifted from the womb into the world. Many accommodations can be made for c-section deliveries that are worth exploring to relax the mother and personalize the birthing experience, such as immediate skin-to-skin contact following birth and an overall slower delivery process. Many families like to consider making a c-section plan in case of emergency so that their birth plan can still be followed as much as possible. 

VBAC (Vaginal Birth After Cesarean)

VBACs are vaginal births after a prior c-section birth. This is an option for women who have previously had a c-section and wish to attempt a vaginal delivery for one or more subsequent births. VBACs are becoming more common as c-section methods have evolved to make vaginal births a safer option. VBACs can be performed at home, a birth center, or a hospital. It’s important for women to discuss their options with their medical care professional to see whether or not they would be a strong candidate for VBAC delivery. Some women may prefer to deliver at a hospital so they are prepared in the event of an emergency such as a uterine tear, however, modern incision practices make this less of a possibility than in years past. 

Hypnobirthing

Hypnobirthing rests on the premise of the mother being calmer and less stressed through the use of hypnosis during labor and birth. It uses particular language to refer to the stages of birth and to invoke a more positive attitude about what is to come. Hypnobirthing experts claim that using the techniques can give a shorter length of first-stage labor and reductions in the intensity of pain and fear experienced during birth as well as anxiety after birth. Hypnobirthing is often recommended for women who have previously had a traumatic birth experience or who are extremely anxious about labor and birth. Hypnobirthing is supported in the majority of birth centers and also in some hospitals through third-party organizations.

Lamaze

Lamaze is a meditation practice developed by Dr. Fernand Lamaze in the 1950s to be used during the birthing process. It focuses on controlled breathing techniques, relaxation exercises, and movement to help manage labor pain. It is believed that these practices allow the mother to use her natural strength and abilities to better cope with pain while giving birth.  Another key part of Lamaze is partner involvement. Active participation from a birthing partner provides critical support for the mother so she can focus on breathing. Also in Lamaze, education about the birth process is key for parents to use informed decision-making concerning medical interventions as they can operate from a place of knowledge rather than fear. 

Bradley Method

The Bradley Method is a birthing philosophy that emphasizes natural, partner-coached, childbirth. It was developed by Dr. Robert Bradley in the 1940s and is also referred to as “husband-coached childbirth” as it relies heavily on the participation of a birthing partner. The Bradley Method focuses on relaxation techniques, intentional nutrition, and a healthy level of exercise during pregnancy. This method is ideal for parents looking to avoid medication during labor, and who would like to experience high levels of teamwork with their spouse or partner. Because of the promotion of a healthy pregnancy, the Bradley Method can also have a positive impact on both the mother and the baby which will extend far beyond the pregnancy itself. 

Alexander Technique

The Alexander Technique is a pregnancy philosophy that emphasizes posture, movement, and relaxation methods to reduce tension and eventually aid in labor. It was developed by F.M. Alexander in the late 19th century to teach women how to reduce tension and stress in their bodies. By maintaining good posture and movement patterns during pregnancy women can reduce back pain and other pregnancy-related discomforts while improving overall physical coordination and balance. This ideally can enhance relaxation and calmness which can be useful during pregnancy.

Although hospital births are the most common, many expecting parents are surprised to learn that there are other options available when it comes to the location of giving birth. Additionally, each location may have a number of options for methods and practices that you can further tailor to fit your personal needs. We’ve gathered summaries of some of the most popular birth locations to help you choose which location will work best for you.

Home Birth

Home births are a popular choice for mothers seeking a familiar and intimate setting to welcome their baby into the world. Home births are suitable for women who have a low-risk pregnancy and no complications expected with birth. When creating your birth plan it’s important to consult with a medical professional to be sure a homebirth method is advised for your personal birth. There may be unique complications during pregnancy or that arise at birth, even if you have already had a successful home birth in the past.

Planning your home birth can be relatively straightforward, however, you will need to make sure you are prepared well in advance of your due date. Some things to consider are the size of the room you choose to give birth in, accommodations such as a bathroom or kitchen sink, and temperature control to ensure the room is not too hot or too cold. It is ideal to cover the floor with a rubber mat or old sheets, but remember that sheets will not fully protect a carpet underneath.

You won’t be able to have an epidural during a home birth but you may have access to gas and air, and possibly pethidine. You can talk through pain relief options with your midwife. At all times through the birth, your midwife will monitor certain things such as your blood pressure. If they have any concerns with how birth is progressing, or if there are any serious complications, your midwife will arrange for you to be transferred to the hospital. This will happen via ambulance, with your midwife and birth partner accompanying you to the hospital. You may want to consider having a bag packed and ready to take with you just in case.

Hospital Birth 

Hospital births are a frequent choice for expecting mothers and with good reason. During a hospital birth, you will have a large number of staff around to support you throughout your labor, delivery, and immediate postpartum care. This will include specialist expertise and facilities in case you need them, which can give many parents peace of mind should an emergency arise. Hospitals also have anesthetists on staff so you will have access to an epidural if wanted, as well as other pain relief options.

If you are considering a hospital birth, it's a good idea to have a tour of the facilities or research your chosen hospital online so you have an idea of what to expect. If there are certain aspects of your birth plan that you feel strongly about, check with hospital staff in advance to be sure they can be accommodated. This should include where you will be located for the actual birth and recovery afterward. You may be in a private birthing room but moved to another ward after birth, or you may remain in the same room the entire time. Ask about resources available for your baby should they need special care such as a stay in the NICU. Also look into accommodations for birthing partners and what the visitor policies are, as there may be restrictions on the number of visitors, timings, and whether children are allowed.

Hospital Bag Checklist (pdf)

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Hospital Bag Checklist (pdf)

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Birthing Center

A birth center is somewhat of a compromise between a home birth and a hospital birth. They are less ‘medical’ than a hospital but do offer a certain level of care. You may receive more 1-to-1 care in a birth center than in a hospital, but have access to more resources than a home birth. Most birth centers offer birthing pools, complementary therapies, and family accommodation. Birth centers are not available in every area, so you may need to travel a distance to your nearest one. Bear this in mind as you plan for travel when labor begins. 

Using a birth center is suitable for women with low-risk pregnancies and a good chance of a straightforward delivery. It’s important to be aware that like home births, a birth center will not be able to offer a full range of medical options such as epidurals or cesarean sections. If you need any extra medical attention you will be transferred to the hospital with your midwife and birthing partner via ambulance.

As an expectant parent, one of the significant decisions you will face is whether you prefer to approach childbirth medicated or unmedicated. Each option comes with its own set of advantages and considerations, making it essential to understand both sides before making a decision.

Regardless of your choice, remember that the goal is a safe and positive birth experience for both you and your baby. By understanding the pros and cons of each approach, you can make an informed decision that aligns with your preferences and priorities as you welcome your new arrival into the world.

Medicated Childbirth:

PROS:

Pain Relief: The main goal of a medicated birth is to provide the mother with pain relief. Medications such as epidurals can significantly reduce the intensity of labor pains, allowing the mother to relax and conserve energy for the pushing stage.

Controlled Experience: Medications can provide a more predictable and controlled birthing experience. This can be reassuring for some mothers who prefer to have a more managed approach to labor and delivery.

Potential to Rest: Pain relief can allow mothers to rest during labor, which can be beneficial, especially if labor is prolonged or the mother needs to regain energy for pushing. It can also allow the mother to focus and be fully present during the birthing process where pain may distract from some of the details in the moment. 

CONS:

Side Effects: Medications, particularly epidurals, can come with side effects such as a drop in blood pressure, headaches, and a prolonged pushing stage.

Limited Mobility: Epidurals can restrict mobility and sensation, making it harder for some women to change positions and possibly prolong labor.

Medical Interventions: In some cases, medicated births may increase the likelihood of medical interventions, such as assisted delivery or c-sections.

Unmedicated Childbirth:

PROS:

Natural Experience: Many mothers opt for unmedicated childbirth as they feel it allows them to experience the process fully and feel more in tune with their bodies during labor.

Mobility: Without medication, mothers have the freedom to move around during labor, which can help with pain management and facilitate labor progression.

Shorter Recovery: Some women report quicker recovery times after unmedicated births, as they are more alert and able to start bonding and breastfeeding sooner.

CONS:

Intense Pain: Labor pains can be intense and overwhelming for some women, requiring coping mechanisms such as breathing techniques, massage, or water immersion.

Fatigue: The intensity of unmedicated labor can lead to fatigue, particularly if labor is prolonged, which may affect the mother's ability to push effectively.

Unexpected Changes: Labor can be unpredictable, and some women who plan for unmedicated births may require medical interventions due to complications.

Choosing What's Right for You:

Ultimately, the decision between medicated and unmedicated childbirth is personal and should be based on your individual preferences, health considerations, and overall birth plan. It can be helpful to discuss your options with your healthcare provider, consider childbirth classes, or consultations with a doula.

Deciding who should be present at the birth of your child, and to what degree they are involved, is a very personal decision. In addition to having your spouse or partner there, you may choose to include your mother, mother-in-law, older children, a close friend or sibling, or even an entire birth team. Take time to give this aspect of your birth plan a lot of thought, considering who you want by your side during this intimate and vulnerable moment. Feeling confident in who is with you is crucial for creating a supportive and comfortable environment. And remember – you can always change your mind! No one has a right to be present at your baby’s birth, it is your choice. Here are some insights to help you navigate this decision:

Partner/Spouse

Having your spouse or partner present is often a given for many mothers-to-be. Their emotional support and physical presence can be incredibly reassuring during labor and delivery. They can advocate for you, provide encouragement, and share in the joy of welcoming your child into the world together. Discussing your preferences and birth plan with them beforehand ensures they are prepared to be your rock during this shared experience.

Older Children

Including older children in the birth process can be a beautiful way to foster a sense of family unity and help them feel involved in welcoming their new sibling. However, it's essential to assess their maturity level and comfort with the birthing process. Some children may find the experience overwhelming or distressing, so it's crucial to have a backup plan in case they need to leave the room or stay with a trusted caregiver last minute.

In-Laws/Parents

The decision to invite in-laws or parents to the birth depends on your relationship dynamics and personal preferences. While their presence can offer additional emotional support and familial connection, it's essential to consider potential tensions or conflicts that may arise. Clear communication about your expectations and boundaries beforehand can help ensure a harmonious atmosphere during labor and delivery.

Birth Team (Midwife/Doula)

Many mothers opt to have a professional birth team, such as a midwife or doula, present during childbirth. These experienced professionals provide expert medical and emotional support, advocate for your birth preferences, and offer comfort measures such as massage, breathing techniques, and pain relief options. Their presence can significantly enhance your birthing experience and contribute to a positive outcome.

Ultimately, the key is to surround yourself with individuals who will respect your wishes, provide unwavering support, and contribute positively to your birth environment. Prioritize your comfort and emotional well-being when making these decisions, and don't hesitate to discuss any concerns with your chosen birth companions well in advance. Ensure that everyone knows you reserve the right to change your mind at any point during the birthing process according to your needs and comfort levels. By carefully considering who to have at the birth of your child, you can create a nurturing and empowering experience that lays a strong foundation for your journey into motherhood.      

You can use the acronym B.R.A.I.N. while advocating for yourself and your baby. This acronym can help you remember critical questions you may want to ask but forget in the moment.

B-Benefits 

What are the benefits of this procedure that you are suggesting? Ask care providers to explain their reasoning behind a suggested procedure so you can share in their confidence before agreeing. 

R-Risks

What are the risks of this procedure that you are suggesting? Do not take the answer “there are no risks” as an appropriate answer. If this is given, ask them to have that statement written out and signed by them for your record. There are always risks to any procedure, and it is in your rights as a patient to know them so you can make an informed decision.

A-Alternatives 

What are alternatives to this procedure? Being fully aware of all potential avenues you can take allows you to confidently choose the path that makes the most sense for you. Even if this is the most obvious course of action, you still have the right to consciously choose it. 

I-Intuition 

What does your and your partner(s) intuition tell you is best? Remember that you are the expert on yourself and your baby. Trust that knowledge in conjunction with your care provider’s knowledge and expertise. 

N-Nothing 

What would happen if we didn’t do anything? This question is one of the most powerful ones you can ask because it gives you insight into what waiting or declining might lead to.

Knowing to ask these questions when faced with procedures such as induction, epidurals, pitocin, transfer to the hospital, etc., can provide empowerment during your birthing time. While pregnant, birthing, and postpartum, you, as the parent, will face your first opportunities to advocate for your child. These moments will be the first of many to come and are great chances for you to use your voice in that role.